Characterization of Tom in The Great Gatsby Essay Example for Free

Characterization of Tom in The Great Gatsby Essay In the first three chapters of The Great Gatsby by F.Scott Fitzgerald, he characterized Tom Buchanan as violently aggressive in order to show the kind of man that had turned out from the Ivy League school and have contributed to two different social classes. For example, in the first chapter of the book, Nick introduces us couple of characters as well as Tom Buchanan and he says the following â€Å"Now he was a sturdy straw-haired man of thirty with a rather hard mouth and a supercilious manner. Two shining arrogant eyes had established dominance over his face and gave him the appearance of always leaning aggressively forward† (pg.7). We are told that Tom has a hard mouth and arrogant eyes. He is said to be always leaning forward aggressively, making up for the unmanly clothes hes wearing at the time and very muscular with a cruel body. Nick describes Tom looking aggressive just by his looks without any further detail of how he acted aggressively. As a graduate from a prestigious school, Tom would be expected to be more characterized as a good, pleasant character when describing an educated man, however Tom was the opposite and Fitzgerald does this to show that the characteristic of a man does not depend on the school they had attended and graduated from. Furthermore, in chapter 2 it is proven that Tom is violent â€Å"Sometime toward midnight Tom Buchanan and Mrs. Wilson stood face to face, discussing in impassioned voices weather Mrs. Wilson had any right to mention Daisy’s name†¦I’ll say it whenever I want to! Daisy! Dai- Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand† (pg.37). At their little gathering party, Tom there breaks his lover, Myrtles, nose just because Myrtle had not stopped chanting Daisy’s name even if she had been warned by Tom before. Tom expresses his aggressiveness when he becomes violent when Myrtle does not stop. Fitzgerald is showing that not all man graduating from Ivy League school such as (Yale, Oxford, and Princeton) are all well-mannered, with a good characteristic as one would think.

The Roman Empire :: essays research papers

The Roman Empire When the ancient Greeks were reaching the height of their glory, the power of Rome, to the west, was slowly rising. The Romans were best in warfare, engineering, and government. Rome rose to power gradually, with no set plan for world conquest. The Romans fought many wars and enslaved many people. By the time of Augustus, shortly before Christ, most of the known world was unified and at peace under Roman rule. The Kings of Early Rome The early Romans didn’t keep any written records. There are only two existing documents, which give the continuous early history of Rome. The old legends say that Romulus founded the city in 753 BC when the settlements on the seven hills were united. Under his heir, the Romans conquered Alba Longa, the religious center of the Latin civilizations. During the rule of Ancus Martius, a number of annoying Latin cities were conquered, and their people were brought to Rome. The Etruscan Conquest Shortly before 600 BC, Rome was conquered by several Etruscan princes from across the Tiber River. Tarquinius Priscus drained the city's marshes. The last of the kings of Rome, Tarquinius Superbus, was a dictator who opposed the people. Under the rule of the Etruscans Rome grew in importance and power. Great temples and impressive public works were built. Rome had become the largest and richest city in Italy. Period of Conquest It was only a tiny city-state, much like the city-states that were growing at the same time in Greece. The common citizens were called the plebs or plebeians. They marched out of Rome in a body and threatened to make a new city in 494 BC. In 350 BC the plebeians were admitted to the dictatorship. The Roman Senate has been called the "most distinguished and important political body, which has ever existed in the world." Political Struggle The struggle for political power was the economic struggle between rich and poor. Gradually, reforms were forced through. Compelled at first to fight for its very existence against powerful neighbors, Rome gradually fought its way to the leadership of the Italian civilizations. Success of Rome Slowed Down By Gauls The successful progress of Rome received a temporary difficulty in 390 BC when wandering Gauls advanced through the center of Etruria. In another century Rome conquered their whole territory. Only southern Italy remained independent. Fearful at the spread of Roman power, the Greek cities appealed to Pyrrhus.

Production Operation Assignment

Assignment 6: PRICING a) Computation of Economic Value of an offering Mercedes Benz is launching its luxury SUV (called the CDL class) in a market dominated by Lexus GL. The CDL class uses diesel and obtains 25 miles per gallon. The Lexus model, priced at $48000, uses premium gasolene and obtains 20 miles per gallon. Both the models need to be serviced annually but the CDL being a diesel engine requires annual service that is costlier by $100. The life of a diesel engine is typically longer – hence the residual value of a 10 year old CDL is estimated to be $1600 higher than the Lexus. Assume (i) the average cost of premium gasolene to be $3. 0 per gallon (ii) the average cost of diesel to be $3. 25 per gallon (ii) the average customer drives 12000 miles per year and (iii) there is no time discount. What should be the price of the CDL such that the economic value of Benz CDL over Lexus GL (during a 10 year use horizon by a customer) is completely appropriated by Mercedes Benz? The economic value of CDL: Price of substitute=48000 Cost saving=(12000/20*3-12000/25*3. 25-100)=140 Revenue enhancing=residual value=1600+residual value of GL Use horizon=10 EV of CDL=48000+140*10+1600+residual value of GL=51000+residual value of GL The economic value of GL: Price of substitute=XCost saving=(12000/25*3. 25-12000/20*3+100)=-140 Revenue enhancing=residual value=residual value of GL Use horizon=10 EV of GL=X+(-140)*10+ residual value of GL=X-1400+residual value of GL To make (51000+residual value) equal (X-1400+residual value of GL) X should be 52400 So the price of CDL should be lower than 52400 dollars such that the EV of CDL is higher than GL. b) Breakeven Analysis Nokia has decided to manufacture a special edition cellphone called HiRide for the teen market next year that will be sold with Sprint’s wireless service. For this phone, Nokia’s variable manufacturing cost is $35 per phone.Fixed manufacturing costs amount to $20 million and advertising cos ts are expected at $6 million. Nokia will sell HiRide to retailers and pay its own salesmen a commission of $8 per phone sold to the retailers. The retail price (i. e. , price paid by the end customer) of the product is $120 and retail margin typically average about 10%. (i) What is the price at which Nokia sells to retailers? Assume that the price is X, thus: X*(1+10%)=120 X=$109 (ii) What is Nokia’s contribution per unit sales for HiRide? Contribution per unit= P-VC=109-(35+8)=$66 (iii) What is Nokia’s breakeven volume?BE volume=FC/contribution per unit=? (20000000+6000000)/66=393939. 4? 393940 (iv) Nokia’s actual sales in Year 1 turned out to be 375000 units. Since the product did not break even, Nokia’s product manager decided to reduce the commission offered to its salesmen in Year 2. Provided the sales volume, price, and other fixed costs remain the same as in Year 1, how much should be the new commission so that HiRide breaks even in Year 2? Assume that it is X, thus: The new contribution per unit would be 109-(35+X), which equals 74-X BE volume =375000=FC/ new contribution per unit=26000000/(74-X) So X =4. 76$

The Success Of The American Dream - 942 Words

The term â€Å"American Dream† is considered as an ideal term and has many interpretations. But basically â€Å"American Dream† is defined as the life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness of the people living in America. Lots of people immigrate to America in search of â€Å"American Dream†. They come in America to fulfil their â€Å"American Dream† which is composed of freedom, security and most importantly, opportunities. America is considered as the land of opportunities and the large availability of the opportunities make people work harder and push their limits and fulfil their goals. Anybody can hope for bigger and can achieve their dream through the determination and hard work in America. Gaining plenty of money can be considered as a measure of success, but it is not the only factor that measures the success. The fulfilment of the dreams of an individual, the increment of the name and fame of an individual and most importantly the achievement of t he goals that is set are also the important aspects that can be used to measure success. The idea of â€Å"American Dream† is unique to America and the â€Å"American Dream† is one of the greatest factor that makes America distinct and great nation in the world. But there are various versions of â€Å"American Dream’s† which can be seen in most of the developed countries. The Canadian dream, Scandinavian dream and the British dream also exist, but these countries don’t have any broad ambitions and visions of the good life clearly and aren’t exactly the sameShow MoreRelatedThe Success Of The American Dream1092 Words   |  5 Pages When many cultures and ethnicities come to American they come for the get the opportunity the American offer. That is the American dream. Many people want to live and work hard to make it the top of the socio-economic ladder and have a chance to live. However, for many people they say it’s hard to climb t hat ladder due to many circumstances that hold them back. From poverty, college debt, inequality many Americans think the dream is not attainable. Nevertheless, there is are many ways to overturnRead MoreThe Success Of The American Dream767 Words   |  4 PagesThe American dream is based on the idea that, â€Å"America where no matter who you are, no matter what you look like, no matter where you come from, no matter what your last name is, no matter who you love, you can make it here if you try.† (97). While United States was built on this idea, it is becoming harder and harder for people to move up in social status because of the inequality. Obtaining success in life used to be considered equal for all regardless of background. If you worked hard enough andRead MoreSuccess As One Of The American Dream1137 Words   |  5 PagesWittlake 28 April 2015 Success as One of The American Dream When we hear the word â€Å"success†, we often think of wealth and money. To some people, the embodiment of being success is earning a lot of money. In fact, the concept of success is primarily based on how much money a person earns. However, each person views the definition of success differently. One way to define success is something that has more to do with flash than it does with substance. John Wooden, an American basketball player andRead MoreThe American Dream Through Success And Social Mobility1405 Words   |  6 PagesWhen most people think of the American Dream they often visualize the typical white fence, the two children, and an overall perfect family. When people think of the American Dream they think of the dream jobs which consist of being a doctor, lawyer, or a widely known talk show host. The people who have the voice determine what is ideal in society and what isn’t. They try to sell you this pitch that the American Dream is obtainable and what you put in to the system, you get out; This is also knowRead MoreAmerican Dream : Resources And Competency Are Recipes For Success Essay1587 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Dream: Resources and Competency are Recipes for Success American Dream as defined by Merriam-Webster online as â€Å"an American social ideal that stresses egalitarianism and especially material prosperity.† What is the American Dream to you? Is it having a stable and a high-paying job? How about owning a beautiful house, car, and bank account? Perhaps, your definition of the American Dream is being the founder and owner of a multi-billion dollar business empire that has businesses in everyRead MoreThe American Dream: Freedom, Hard Work Guarantees Success and Less Racism868 Words   |  4 Pageswitness an African American get up and move to the back of a bus for a Caucasian? No, that is not the case anymore. America is a better country now. In source E it says, â€Å"The chair in Washington sat had a sun, and the question was asked, is it rising or setting?† This quote questions whether or not America is falling apart or getting better. The American Dream is an ideal that has changed over time and is achievable becaus e of freedom, the idea that hard work guarantees success, and less racismRead MoreThe American Dream As An Idea Of Achieving Success And Wealth Through The Process Of Creativity1050 Words   |  5 PagesCultural Acceptance The American Dream serves as an idea of achieving success and wealth through the process of creativity, perseverance, and determination. In â€Å"American Dreamer,† Bharti Mukherjee explores three different cultures and explains her experience with each one. Through the difficulties within each culture, she builds on her personal identity along with her cultural identity. Because of the exploration of different places, Mukherjee discovers her cultural identity. Because of the strictRead MoreThe American Dream1424 Words   |  6 PagesThe idea of the American Dream can be first traced back to a book called The Epic of America by author James Truslow, where he states, â€Å"The American Dream is that dream of a land in which life should be better, richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.† This idea of better opportunity really summarizes the goal of many early American immigrants as they traveled from faraway lands in hopes of a better future. Many would say this idea of prosperityRead MoreThe American Dream Is A Flawed Concept911 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Dream is a flawed concept, a deceptive motivator, which promotes fantasy and unrealistic capitalist goals (ideals) of success, while disregarding the immense costs. The American Dream, conceptualized among early American frontiersmen deeply impacted societal thinking and motivation. America meant â€Å"more†. More ideas, more possibilities, more space, more land, and finally, more success. This concept is timeless for Americans and aspiring American citizens. The American Dream can be brokenRead MoreThe American Dream in Death of a Salesman and The Great Gatsby1238 Words   |  5 PagesSince Columbus made land, people have been searching for the â€Å"American Dream†. Many people have their own idea and ideas that have changed over a period of time, but what exactly is the â€Å"American Dream† defined as .Origins of the dream have been rooted in the pioneering mentality of the eighteenth and nineteenth century immigrants, most who came to America because of a promise for a new and better life. The American Dream was sought through hard work and determination. After the time of the World

Hamlet Liberation In Death Analysis - 1098 Words

Liberation in Death: Hamlet’s Existential Struggle in Hamlet What is the meaning of life? Who am I? What is my purpose? These are open existential inquiries that both modern and ancient philosophers have yet to answer certainly. Unquestionably, the philosophy of existentialism is an interesting theory and psychological phenomenon. Existentialism is a philosophy promulgated in the 20th century that holds that every person exists first and his nature, or essence, comes about later through the manner by which he chooses to live his life. In Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, the main protagonist, Hamlet, grapples with many existential questions, seeking truth and understanding as he progresses in his knowledge and ideas of morales and mortality.†¦show more content†¦Although Hamlet feels that it is apropos to take action, he is dispirited by the obligation of his title. It was the prince’s role during the Elizabethan era to abide by the king’s laws, obedie nt to their will. Despite the fact that Claudius was made king after Hamlet’s father died, Claudius is still the ruler of the land. As a result, it is Hamlet’s duty to comply with the King. Shakespeare reveals to readers that in the introduction of Hamlet as an existential character, he voices existential thoughts, but does not act on them. Progressing through the play, Hamlet continually experiences existential thoughts, as Hamlet’s logic and sanity slowly unravel scene by scene, revealing snippets of Hamlet’s emotion and feeling. As Hamlet’s thoughts actions become increasingly erratic and his inability to cope with his father’s death worsen, Hamlet dives deeper into the realm of existentialism. As he is continually provoked by others telling him to cope with his father’s death, he utters, â€Å"Now I am alone. O, what a rogue and peasant slave am I! (2.2. 48).† Hamlet reaches his pinnacle of despondency; he begins to lose h ope. As Hamlet delves deeper into the story of his father’s murder and the correlation of Claudius and the murder, his actions become more wild. Contemplating death and the immorality of the world, Hamlet then utters his famous speech â€Å"To bee or not to be†¦ To die to sleep†¦ That makes calamity of soShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Ophelia s Struggle And Madness1088 Words   |  5 Pages1 Pregnant with Madness— Ophelia’s Struggle and Madness in Hamlet Yi-Chi Chen Intergrams 11.2(2011): http://benz.nchu.edu.tw/~intergrams/intergrams/112/112-cyc.pdf ISSN: 1683-4186 Abstract Madness in Hamlet is one of the crucial themes for Shakespeare to depict the chaotic turbulence in the Hamlet family and the court of Denmark. Due to Claudius’s usurpation of the Old Hamlet’s crown and queen, characters such as Hamlet, Ophelia, and Gertrude suffer seriously from betrayal, resentment, and enragementRead MoreAnalysis Of William Shakespeare s The Of Hamlet 953 Words   |  4 Pagesresults of that delay lead to a disastrous failure by Hamlet. He finds himself banished and bewildered on the cold sea shore. (THESIS) This essay will support a proposal by Harley Granville Barker in his â€Å"Preface To Hamlet,† that suggests this moment in Act IV, iv is where Hamlet reconstructs his own philosophy based on his contemplation of Fortinbras’ war. The quote contends that Hamlet’s self comparison with Fortinbras is a new experience, that Hamlet has lost all hope of success and that this combinationRead MoreTrobriand Islanders-Malinowski and Weiner10855 Words   |  44 Pages(1976, 20). This distinction, she later observed, was an attempt to escape the connotations of two separate spheres constituted by terms like private/public or nature/culture (1986, 97). Rather than eschewing such invidious Western dichotomies her analysis ultimately reinforces them, by articulating them with another—eternal/historical. Such Eurocentric dichotomies typically presume that the private or domestic sphere is outside history (see Jolly and Macintyre 1989) and that womens nature is notRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagescaught for plagiarising and falsifying elements of his stories †¦ clear to public that newspapers are nowhere higher on moral grounds than bloggers †¢ E.g. Irish undergraduate posted a poetic but phoney quote on Wikipedia hours after Maurice Jarre’s death, Wikipedia quickly removed it for the lack attribution but journalists †¢ E.g. Cover page of economist: President Obama at oil spill (cut a lonely figure: portrays the multitude of problems faced by America and his helplessness in coming up withRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagestheory focuses attention on the human issues in organization ‘There is nothing so practical as a good theory’ How Roethlisberger developed a ‘practical’ organization theory Column 1: The core contributing social sciences Column 2: The techniques for analysis Column 3: The neo-modernist perspective Column 4: Contributions to business and management Four combinations of science, scientific technique and the neo-modernist approach reach different parts of the organization Level 1: Developing the organizationRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pagesused in conjunction with the correct constellations, this chapter is devoted to the latter. The author gives a descriptive list of the twenty-eight mansions o f the moon, according to the â€Å"Indian† system, and assigns to each its correct talisman. Analysis of the passage shows that it is a compound of â€Å"Indian† doctrines, the tenets of Dorotheus of Sidon (both attested by Ibn abi ‘l-Rijà ¢l) and elements from a list ascribed to Hermes (attested by the Ihwà ¢n al-Safà ¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢) (pp.14-21). At the beginning of theRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesLine 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial CharacteristicsRead MoreStephen P. Robbin s Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesof systematic study. Identify the major behavioral science disciplines that contribute to OB. Demonstrate why few absolutes apply to OB. Identify the challenges and opportunities managers have in applying OB concepts. Compare the three levels of analysis in this book’s OB model. MyManagementLab Access a host of interactive learning aids to help strengthen your understanding of the chapter concepts at www.mymanagementlab.com cott Nicholson sits alone in his parents’ house in suburban BostonRead MoreCrossing the Chasm76808 Words   |  308 Pagesconsulting organization. In addition to maintaining its communications disciplines, it must also provide experienced counsel and leadership in making Foreword xiii fundamental marketing decisions. Market entry, market segmentation, competitive analysis, positioning, distribution, pricing—all these are issues with which a successful marketing effort must come to grips. And so we again remade ourselves, adding to market relations a second practice-high-tech marketing consulting. Today, our practices

Economic Research On The Economy - 858 Words

In 2007, the national bureau of the economic research stated that in 2007 the recession began and ended in 2009. The recession was so server that homes were being foreclosed because of the decline in the markets. This was related due to financial crisis in 2007. Due to widespread of failure regulations the toxic that hit corporate governance and financial firms who were taking risks on borrowing and the risks on households even Wall Street went through the financial systems of this collision course of crisis. The measures that I would suggest is next time the economy suffers another crisis like before instead of bailing out Wall Streets and big financial firms, how about bailing out families who helps keeps this economy going. Foreclosures on homes was one of the biggest concerns that the economy didn’t seem to bailout, instead they seemed to wish homeowners the best of lucks in surviving this crisis. If there is a period where the global growth can seem to be a factor is to prolong the stability of family’s futures. The protection that I would put in place is a security blanket for families who have money invested in the stock market or in Wall Street, because they are the ones who had to start over from the beginning because they lost more than anybody in first recession. Help families know the facts they can take on lowering their payments to prevent foreclosures. Cut some of the red tapes families have to go through to get help from lenders or any programs. GiveShow MoreRelatedForeign Direct Investment ( Fdi )1445 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluenced the scope of economic growth for countries in a rapid manner. It has also notified that with globalisation, the business sector has been able to experience considerable benefits from international domain. The concept of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been gain huge prominences in the recent years for getting considerable benefits for the economy and overall development of a nation. The importa nce of FDI has been attaining huge prominences among the economic as well as business domainRead MoreThe Impact Of Foreign Direct Investments On Developing Countries1667 Words   |  7 Pagesamount of economic well-being for developing countries. It is intriguing to observe the true effects of Federal direct investments on developing countries. While FDI has become an outcome of a more globalized world, some countries do not see the same benefits of this phenomenon as other countries. One country that has seen a heavy influx of foreign direct investment is India. This paper briefly addresses both the positive effects of FDI on India and looks at the growth of GDP in India’s economy. It concludesRead MoreRelationship Between Financial Development And Economic Growth922 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The relationship between financial development and economic growth has elicited plenty of debate over the last few years. There are numerous researchers who have undertaken substantive empirical studies on this subject and many of them have concluded that there exists a positive relationship between financial development and economic growth. For instance, King and Levine (1993) conclude that financial development is a good predictor of future growth; while, Beck et al, (2000) suggestsRead MoreThe Allocation Of Funds Is An Ongoing Debate1673 Words   |  7 Pagesview is ultimately better for the country and its citizenry. We focused on the question: How will an increase in defense spending affect the economy and what impact it will have on other areas of life? We compared spending in various countries to determine if there is a relationship between defense spending and growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Our research did confirm that there is a relationship between the two variables. The causality was either unidirectional or bidirectional. Defense spendingRead MoreCurrency Devaluation And Fuel Subsidy Removal1185 Words   |  5 Pagessubsidy removal are policies that are phenomena to the Nigerian economic environment. This research study identifies that the implementation of the policies has further caused more challenges in the pursuit for economic development than remedy to alleviate the crisis. From the research questions of this research study, was the questionnaire developed aimed at prying into currency devaluation and fuel subsidy removal for Nigeria’s economic development. The use of questionnaires were employed, which wasRead MoreThe Petroleum Revenue And Economic Growth Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesPHD ECONOMICS ADMISSION RESEARCH PROPOSAL DEGREE: DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT: ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT. PROPOSED TITLE: The Petroleum Revenue and Economic Growth in Nigeria. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND The Petroleum industry in Nigeria is the largest source of government revenue and it occupies a pivotal position in term of foreign exchange earnings with about 90 percent and over 80 percent contribution to the Gross domestic product. Petroleum sector is the mainstay of Nigerian economy sinceRead MoreThe Expansion Of Urban Development Essay1466 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Transportation infrastructure has always shaped the evolution and economic position of cities. First, our major cities largely grew around seaports. Next, urban development took place along rivers that formed the backbone of the industrial revolutions in the United States. Railroads opened up landlocked interiors of nations, fostering a third wave of city growth outward from their main terminals. Then, the expansion of suburban roadway systems created a fourth wave of urban development. WeRead MoreThe Foxhole Court, By Writer Nora Sakavic Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pagesstrategies for moving forward. Career o rientation or career development process may start from here. Leading a healthy, solvent and transparent economic life a perfect career should be selected. By analyzing political economic factors behind such as values in present market demand, how domestic and international interact with the matter, consistency with developing economy, financial advancement, market orientation one can choose one’s future. Without scrutinizing these sections decisions may take for personalRead MoreNews On Foreign News And Its Impact On Society s View On The United States1475 Words   |  6 Pagesspecific topic making the research much easier. My first question was, â€Å"How does news based in the United States effect societies views on other countries? How does foreign news affect their societies’ view on the United States?† By trying to find simple research on this through the MU Library, I was quick to find that in order to write a successful research paper it is vital to have a more specific question to get the answers you want. I was not finding specific research that included specific informationRead MoreBaseball World Series Affect On Kc Economy1145 Words   |  5 Pages Baseball World Series affect on KC Economy For my research assignment I chose the affects of the Royals winning the World Series on the economy in KC. The purpose of this paper is to show my step-by-step research process. I chose to research this topic because throughout my entire life I have been a huge Royals fan and watching them win the World Series was an insane experience. I was interested to see how the economy in KC was affected after the win and the parade in downtown. My first step in

Accounting - Auditing and Accountability Journal

Question: Discuss about the Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal. Answer: Introduction Select Harvests Company is one of the leading vertically integrated nut and health food Company in the Australia. It has core capabilities in different segments include Horticulture, forest Management, dealing out, and Sales and Marketing. These competencies enable the company to get benefit throughout the value chain. Besides this, Select Harvests Corporation is the largest almond farmer, manufacturer, processor and marketer of nut products, strength munchies and breakfast cereal to retail and industrial markets (Select Harvests, 2016). Further, it exports the almond worldwide. It also builds strong relationships with India and China that are fast growing markets together with maintain markets in Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. It supplies both branded and private label goods and services to retailers, distributors and industrial users. Company deals in different retail brands named Soland, Sunsol, Lucky, and NuVitality. Along with, company supplies some brands to wholesale and industrial markets include Renshaw and Allina Farms. The company also manage a broad range of almond operations like snacking and cooking nuts, health mixes (nuts, seeds, grains) and muesli (Select Harvests, 2016). This report discusses the financial performance of Select Harvests Company. It also analyzes distinct kinds of financial reports, which is used to understand the financial strength of the firm. These kinds of financial reports include the Balance sheet, income statement, and cash flows statements. Further, this report also evaluates recommendations to enhance the financial position of the corporation. Statement of financial position In accounting, financial statements are the record of different financial activities of the business, or any other entity. It contains all financial information related to a business and reviews the debts, equity, and resources of the company in a particular time of period (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). Generally, a financial statement of the company includes balance sheet, shareholders equity, statement of profit and loss, and statement of cash flow which highlight the financial position of the company Balance sheet It is a financial statement of the company that contains the information of companys assets, liabilities and stockholders equity over a specific time period (Drake and Fabozzi, 2012). These three segments of the balance sheet are the obligations of the company that include account receivable, inventory, loans payable, and provisions. The current assets of the company are presented as a liquidity of the company that can be turn into cash in the operating cycle. Current assets include stocks, prepaid expenses, accounts receivables, cash and other liquid resources which are equivalent to cash or quickly convertible into cash. Furthermore, non-current are that resources of the company that are not likely to convert into cash and used for long term economic benefits (Wahlen et al, 2014). Non-current assets are also known as long-term assets that include intangible assets like brand appreciation, goodwill, patents, trademarks, and domains. Investments in other corporations, building, land, equipments, furnishings, and leaseholds improvements also included in non-current assets. These assets depreciate over the time period. On the other side, liabilities are legal binding obligations of the firm in order to pay funds to another party for ongoing activities of the business. The examples of liabilities of a firm are wages payable, taxes, accrued expenses, and accounts payable. Liabilities are classified as current liabilities and non-current liabilities (Robinson et al, 2015). The liabilities which are expected to be settled in financial year are current liabilities such as accounts owed, temporary liabilities, accumulated liabilities, and other unpaid amount. All other liabilities are known as non-current liabilities or long-term liabilities. Non-current liabilities are expected to pay within more than one account period (Zadek, et al., 2013). Long-term liabilities include bonds owed, durable loans, and debts of long-standing lease. Moreover, the segment Stockholders equity is the element of financial statement which determines the companys financial position in terms of obtained capital from investors by issuing preference shares (Jack, 2012). In balance sheet, this segment includes different elements like paid-in capital, retained earnings, and contributed capital. The above table determines that total current assets of Harvests Company are increased in financial year 2014 to 2015 from 10.8% to 52.06%. It point outs that in this financial year Harvests Company has enough capital and additional resources of cash which are convertible in cash within this accounting period. Moreover, in this financial year non-current assets of Harvests Company also increased from 7.49% to 44.33%. These increased non-current assets evaluates that the company has essential and enough assets that are beneficial to provide long-term benefits to the company in compare of previous year. The increased assets of the company determine that the company is more capable to its productivity with great efforts and can get its future goals and objectives. Moreover, total current liabilities for the company in 2014 to 2015 has increased from -55.74% to 82.10% which presents that the short-term liabilities of the company has increased and the company has not willing to pay its debts within this accounting period as compare of precedent year. The increased current liabilities also indicate that the outstanding obligations of the company increased which may affect the companys market position and performance. Simultaneously, non-current liabilities of the company are decreased in this financial year from 79.63% to 14.26% which shows that Harvests is capable to meet its long-term debts in compare of preceding financial year. Additionally, total stockholders equity of Harvests Company has risen in 2014 to 2015 from 9.96% to 63.84%. It means that the company had received enough and more amount of capital from its stockholders as compare of previous year. The increased stockholders equity also shows that the investors have willing to invest in the company. It also determines that the retained earnings of the company also increased that indicates that Harvests Company become more financial strong for reinvestment and can easily expand its business. The company may use this increased capital to pay its debts. Therefore, it can be said that the companys financial position is sound because its current assets and non-current assets are favorable for the company. Long-term liabilities and stock holders equity also presents that the company has enough amount of capital for further expansion. But, it is necessary to make effective policy for the accomplishment of current liabilities. Stockholders Equity The term shareholders equity is residual claim made by the companys owner after paid all liabilities (Feldman and Libman, 2011). In companys balance sheet this section includes different elements such as retained earnings, paid-in capital, and common stock. Here, retained earnings are a proportion of net earnings which is not paid to its shareholders and retained for reinvestment in companys core business. It is also use to pay debts of the company. Moreover, paid-in capital is the companys capital which is received from investors by issuing common share or preferred shares (Weygandt, et al., 2015). This capital may be less than total capital of the company because the company may not sell all shares to its share holders. The below table demonstrates about stockholders equity of Harvests company: From the above table it is evaluated that common stock on the company has increased from 2.82% to 70.62% in 2014 to 2015. It is favorable for the company because in this period the company received more capital from its investors which determines that the company become more financial strong and the shareholders are interested to invest in company. Investors have believed that the company may give good profit against their investment. Additionally, in 2014 to 2015 retained earnings of the company is increased from 18.95% to 64.45% which illustrates that the company get enough incomes from its assets and can a good reinvest in its core business with strong financial position. In other words, retained earnings of the company depicts that the company got good profit in this financial year and has enough capital to pay short-term debts. Statement of Profit and Loss An income statement is one of the type financial statements that represent the financial performance of corporation ended the particular accounting period. Financial performance is evaluated by a summary of business activities like revenues and expenses that incurred by the company from both the working and non-operating activities (Haller and van Staden, 2014). It also depicts the net profit or loss that incurred by company ended the particular accounting period. This statement shows revenues in the beginning and also shows net income and earnings per share (EPS) in the last. There are two main elements involved in the income statement includes the operating and non-operating (Curtis, et al., 2014). The working activities of the PL statement disclose revenues and expenses which are the direct outcome of the regular business operation. It is also stated that revenue is generated from selling the goods and services. It is vital for all organization to enlarge its business because sales are persisted from one accounting period to another. On the other side, the cost of goods sold represents the expenses that are an important element to selling the goods (Marshall, et al., 2011). There are different costs are associated with selling the goods in the stock of company named direct labor, material, and overhead cost. Moreover, total expenses represented another part of the operating activities in the income statement. It is the sum amount of the cost of goods sold and operating costs. Along with this, non-operating expenses are the non-operating activities which show the material cost and expenses related to the revenue item. It is featured by extraordinary item and irregularity of occurrence. At the same time, non-operating income is another element of companys income that defines deed which is not related to the core business activities. This income and losses gained by the corporation from the investment, foreign exchange, assets written down value, and other nonoperating revenue and expense. Furthermore, earning per share is the essential component in the income statement that depicts income in dollars which have earned by the corporation in the particular accounting period (Delgado, et al., 2012). It indicated firms per share of its common share. The following statement shows the increase and decrease of performance in Select Harvests Companys income statement: As per the above table, it is exemplified that total operating revenue has increased from -2% to -19% in the year of 2014 to 2015. Because, Select Harvests Company is proficient in selling its goods and services as compared to the past period hence, it attains high revenue from its operating activities. Furthermore, the cost of goods sold has increased from -8% to 17% in 2014 to 2015. Because, Select Harvests Company has exercised the cost reduction mechanism in food manufacturing and process of harvest and crop business (Select Harvests, 2015). Moreover, company also eradicated the depletion from food manufacturing process, and crop and harvest processes. Further, the company also prevents the excess production, waiting time, carrying a charge, excess stock, and redundant activity. Besides this, as per the table, it is illustrated that total expense of company has increased from -16% to -12% in 2014 to 2015 i.e. unfavorable. It indicates that company is unable to cut down its cost in 2015. Along with this, non-operating activities have risen from 20% in 2015 as compared to the previous years. Further, the income that earned by company from non-operating activities has declined 12% in 2014 as compared to an earlier period (Select Harvests, 2014). It shows that company declares a high dividend as compared to the previous year and also gained return from the investment. As a result, income from extraordinary item has increased in the income statement in 2015. As well as, EPS has declined from 6.20 to 1.25 in 2014 to 2015. It depicts that companys need to enhance its profitability. Statement of cash flow The statement of cash flow is an important financial statement which also known as cash flow statement. This financial statement focuses on inflow and out flow of cash of an organization (Nguyen, 2010). Therefore, it demonstrates changes in cash and equivalent to cash rather than working capital of the company. The elements included in cash flow statement are cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from financing activities, and cash flow from financing activities. The first element cash flow from operating activities constitutes the business activities that generate revenue for the business. The operating activities such as sale of the product, providing services, royalties, fines, commissions, suppliers, and lawsuits are used to carry out cash in the company. The element cash from operating activities is generally compared with companys net income. If generated cash from operating activities is higher in compare of its net income then the earnings of the company said to be high quality (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). This element is used to measure the ability of a company to make cash from its core operating with excluding the ability of purchasing assets and capital expenditures for new equipments. It also excludes the amount paid to its stock holders as dividend, received amount by issuing shares and bonds. The second element cash flow from financing activities are that activities that may alter the borrowings or equity of the company. In a company different activities like sale of stock, issuance of bonds, repurchase of companys shares and dividends payment are included in financing activities (Zaimah, et al., 2015). This element is used to understand the companys financial position. If the cash flow of a company increases, through bonds, shares, and dividends then the financial position and assets of the company also increases. Moreover, cash flow from investing activities constitutes those payments that are made to acquire assets for the business as well as cash received from sale of these assets (Rezaee and Riley, 2011). Investing activities includes purchase of assets for long term like equipments and plant. In cash flow statement this element is used to understand the investing resources of the company. Cash flow from investing activities provides the information of companys profitability in a specified time of period. From the above table it can be analyzed that in 2015 net cash inflow from operating activities is decreased from 4.69% to 0.32% that shows that the company generated less cash inflow from its operating activities or operating activities of the company is not capable to generate enough cash for the business. Companys operating activities like distributing, manufacturing, and marketing are not providing the majority of cash flow as a profitable company. Furthermore, net cash inflow from financing activities of the firm increased from -0.78 to 15.16% in year 2015. It indicates that the company became more capable to generate enough amounts from its financial activities in compare of past financial years. The flow of money into company is more than outflow of the money in to company. It represents that the assets of the company is increasing. Additionally, cash flow from investing activities of Harvests Company is also increased from 1.14% to 2.35% in 2014 to 2015 which presents that the company is capable to obtain cash from its investing activities. The company is getting good results from its investments in the market and its assets. Besides this, the net cash flow of the company is increased from -1.44 to 1.99% in 2015 in compare of 2014. The increased net cash flow determines that Harvests Company is profitable for the investors and able to maintain its liquidity position. This statement shows the operating activities, working capital, and financing activities of the company are appropriate to expand its business with higher productivity. Conclusion According to the above interpretation, it is summarized that financial position of Select Harvests Corporation is sound because it has sufficient amount of current asset to carry on business operation cycle. Therefore, it is said that Select Harvests Company is proficient in meeting its short-term obligations on time. Further, it has an adequate non-current asset that is effective to expand the business in long run. It is also stated that Select Harvests Company enables to accomplish its noncurrent liabilities on time that increases its creditworthiness in the market. Along with this, it is concluded that companies retain earnings is increased so, it enables to declare more dividend to its investors. Besides this, it is stated that Select Harvests Company is obtained higher profit due to increase revenue and decline expenses. Furthermore, it is concluded that Select Harvests Corporation enable to create cash inflow from its operating financing, and investing activities. Consequently, its cash position or liquidity strength is good as compared to earlier year. Recommendation It is recommended that Select Harvests Corporation should maintain its operating activities which take the time to convert stock into cash. It can be a beneficial strategy that can enable the company to accomplish its short term debts. Furthermore, it is suggested that Select Harvests Corporation should reinvest it's retained earning into portfolio investment to continue to get profits. This strategy can be valuable for shareholders to get high dividend because this strategy makes able to company to contribute their profit in dividends. Moreover, Select Harvests Company should use the effective approach such as selling the inventory in cash and also declines the credit period of the collection in order to the growth of the business. Apart from this, it is stated that company revenues are high and expenses are low so, the company should keep their current marketing strategies to obtain the long term advantages. Because, current marketing strategies and production strategies are effective and efficient so, the company will be enabled to maintain their cash flow position in near future. References Curtis, A., McVay, S., and Wolfe, M. (2014) An analysis of the implications of discontinued operations for continuing income,Journal of Accounting and Public Policy,33(2), pp. 190-201. Delgado, R. A., Barcena, L. S., and Manzanedo, M. . 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